Depression Is A Real Mental Health Issue - 1848 Words

Depression is a very real mental health issue that has only recently been taken under the realm of psychosocial research. Like other diseases, depression affects an individual’s day to day activities and their interpersonal behavior. Contrary to most popular belief, depression isn’t a condition that a person can just â€Å"snap out of† and resume his/her normal life. This disease can have very dangerous implications in an individual’s productivity by limiting their willingness to enter social situations, quality of life, and even their mechanisms to cope with depression.In studies regarding â€Å"public conceptions of mental illnesses†, many people regarded physical stressors such as alcohol and abuse as causes as opposed to genetic ones. Another research study has found that social withdrawal and depression can form a feedback loop. Social media can prove to be a double-edged sword in this situation in that it can provide an outlet of help but also make the individual more open to cyberbullying. Finally, another research piece that I utilized included an important finding that depressed individuals are more sensitized to positive and negative social interactions rather than the expected reaction of only responding to negative reactions. Literature Review/Background Information: In a study â€Å" Public conceptions of mental illness: labels, causes, dangerousness, and social distance† the general public opinion regarding mental health issues, their dangerousness, and their desiredShow MoreRelatedDepression And Childhood Depression1157 Words   |  5 Pagesmost common mental illnesses, depression controls the lives of individuals all over the world. Whereas many would assume that only adults and teenagers suffer from depression, that is entirely false. Children are often told they are too sensitive when it comes to feeling depressed, which results in them suppressing their true feelings. Due to the fact that children are not taken seriously and lack the help they need, their mental health does not heal, which can result in other mental illnesses orRead MoreFight The Stigma Of Mental Health829 Words   |  4 PagesAs a result of the backlash retrieved by activist campaigners, CAMHS launched a local campaign in 2015 to â€Å"fight the stigma of mental conditions in young people† (Alder Hey Children’s Hospital, 2015). The campaign used the message ‘fresh’ to project the campaigns aims to â€Å"help change the way specialist mental health treatment is delivered† (Alder Hey Children’s Hospital, 2015) in a bid to improve the ‘outdated’ term given to CAMHS from activist campaigners. With regards to working with young peopleRead MoreScreening for Mental Health630 Words   |  3 PagesOne evidence-based intervention is designed by Screening for Mental Health [SMH], the program is called Signs of Suicide [SOS]. The Signs of Suicide program is an award winning program and it is also a nationally recognized program (). The Signs of Suicide program is designed for youth of various ages ranging from middle school and the way to high school (). This program helps students learn how to point out signs of depression and suicide in themselves or in their friends or family. This programRead MoreStigma Surrounding Mental Health Disorders1059 Words   |  5 PagesThe Stigma Surrounding Mental Health Disorders Mental health disorders affect just about every single person in the world. These disorders come in many forms and severities. A couple of these disorders are depression, anxiety, eating disorders, posttraumatic stress disorder, and many more. In the United States alone 43.8 million, 1 in 5, adults suffer from a form of a mental health disorder. About 21.4%, or 1 in 5 juveniles ages 13-18, suffer from mental health disorders. Of people in our countryRead MoreMental Illness, By David Shipler And Scaling Up Mental Health Care1106 Words   |  5 Pagesthe issue of mental illness is ignored. It can affect just about anyone, this includes those below the poverty line. The article, â€Å"Scaling Up Mental Health Care† mentions how one in ten people are suffering from mental illness at any time. Mental illnesses can keep individuals from obtaining or maintaining a job, which can keep them below the poverty line. David Shipler wrote the novel, The Working Poor: Invisible in America, but he is culpable for completely skipping over the topic of mental illnessRead MoreMental Health Issues In Maus By Artie Spiegelman803 Words   |  4 Pagesburdened with mental disorders; Artie acknowledges the trauma and the effect it has on the survivors as well as the people around them. Artie uses figurative language and imagery to demonstrate relationships and mental health issues. Many characters’ lives are enveloped by a mental issue and they are a representation for these issues. Art covers these multiple issues. The Holocaust affected millions of people and of these millions, Vladek, Anja, and Mala all were left with mental health issues. As theRead MoreMental Health Issues In Maus By Artie Spiegelman803 Words   |  4 Pagesburdened with mental disorders; Artie acknowledges the trauma and the effect it has on the survivors as well as the people around them. Artie uses figurative language and imagery to demonstrate relationships and mental health issues. Many characters’ lives are enveloped by a mental issue and they are a representation for these issues. Art covers these multiple issues. The Holocaust affected millions of people and of these millions, Vladek, Anja, and Mala all were left with mental health issues. As theRead MoreThe Importance Of Mental Health938 Words   |  4 PagesMental health is important in every stage of life as it is a persons’ state of their emotional, psychological, and social well-being. Everyone has mental health, you can have good and bad mental health. Good mental health is where a person can fulfil their ability to learn, feel, express, and manage their emotions, those with good mental health are able to form good relationships with others, and can cope with change and uncertainty in their life. Bad mental health is where people may have a conditionRead MoreMental Illness1279 Words   |  6 Pagestrying to find answer and solutions in issues like guns to prevent these unspeakable acts of violence. But even though all these men have had the weapons to achieve their acts, they have had one more characteristic thats sometimes overlooked in common, their unstable minds and serious mental illness. Mental illness with its brutal stigma and awful history seems to be overlooked in the publics eyes when looking at real problems And i believe that mental illness is important in the prevention ofRead MoreAlcohol Abuse Essay 171300 Words   |  6 Pagessharing a drink together. However, because drinking is so common in our society, realizing you or a loved one has a drinking problem can be a challenge.   The consequences of alcohol abuse are serious. Alcohol abuse causes extensive damage to your health, your loved ones, and society. It results in thousands of innocent deaths each year, and exacerbates situations involving violent crimes and domestic violence. Social drinking is common and popular is many cultures all over the world. In several

Chapter 4 Roanoke s Christian Church - 4402 Words

Chapter 4: Roanoke’s Christian Church (Disciples of Christ): â€Å"Not the Only Christians, But Christians Only† In downtown Roanoke, on Church Avenue, an old church building still stands, having been erected over one hundred years earlier. For the same period of time, it has been occupied by a congregation, whose denominational origins lead back to a rural part of Kentucky in what was called the Restoration Movement, initiated by reformers who yearned for a primitive, apostolic form of Christianity, with â€Å"no creed but Christ.† Although â€Å"backcountry† in the denomination’s heritage, this particular congregation began in a boomtown. While striving to become a â€Å"first century† church, reminiscent of the apostles’ ministries and the church life from†¦show more content†¦David Edwin Harrell, Jr.’s â€Å"The Agrarian Myth and the Disciples of Christ in the Nineteenth Century† as well as â€Å"The Sectional Origins of the Churches of Christ† magnificently provide readers with a thoroughly researched historical context relev ant to Southern religious history in particular. In the former article, Harrell discusses, â€Å"At the heart of the myth of the garden,† or the agrarian myth, â€Å"was the conviction that rural life was superior to urban life.† For many in the Christian Church, Harrell demonstrates that they sought to initiate the â€Å"millennial hope† via the garden myth ideology, but in time, â€Å"The most fervent millennialists in the movement by the end of the century were the supporters of the new industrial order. Many still believed that the American farmer was a specially prepared instrument of God, but it was perfectly obvious that he was neither gaining in influence nor improving his status in society.† Harrell, elsewhere, delved further into this urban versus rural idea, and how it, along with class and geographical contentions, affected the schism that divided the Disciples of Christ (Christian Church) into two major factions, one conservative, leading t o the â€Å"Church of Christ,† and the other liberal, retaining the Disciples of Christ name. As helpful as Harrell’s article on sectionalism is, he also explained how Virginia was a bit of an anomaly in the South, where liberals â€Å"won virtually all of the churches,† whenShow MoreRelatedQuestion and Correct Answer7042 Words   |  29 Pagesï‚ · Question 3 2 out of 2 points | | | What classic struggle do Gilgamesh and Enkidu represent?Answer | | | | | Selected Answer: |   Ã‚   Nature versus civilization | Correct Answer: |   Ã‚   Nature versus civilization | | | | | ï‚ · Question 4 2 out of 2 points | | | What is the Persian Zoroasters greatest contribution to religious thought?Answer | | | | | Selected Answer: |   Ã‚   The emphasis on free will | Correct Answer: |   Ã‚   The emphasis on free will | | | | | ï‚ · QuestionRead MoreAmerica s New World Beginnings3128 Words   |  13 PagesChapter 1- New World Beginnings -The Shaping of North America . originally Earth had only one super continent, this continent split into several smaller ones, one of which would later be called North America . as millions of years passed North America’s geography began to change, mountain ranges sprung up, rivers flowed across the vast land, from the Atlantic to the Pacific, the entire continent was changing . two million years ago an ice age swept across the world, North America was part ofRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesResources, Strategy, and Organizational Behavior that helps you actively study and prepare material for class. Chapter-by-chapter activities, including built-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY Kim S. Cameron UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Prentice Hall Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper

Introduction of Management Situational Leadership Theory Case Study

Question: 1. The case mentions that Jackson exhibited directive leadership. There are two theories in Chapter 11 that include this type - Hersey Blanchard's Situational Leadership and House's Path-Goal theory. Which one best typifies Jackson's style and why. 2. The case emphasizes Jackson's strong concern for ethical behavior. How do you think his ethical practices help Barrett-Jackson compete against the much bigger eBay and other auction sites? 3. To what extent do you think being a socially responsible organization helps a firm like Barrett-Jackson stay successful, especially since they take away part of their profits and donate them to charitable orgabnizations? Answer: 1. Situational leadership is the degree of control to which the superior can manage and influence the results of the efforts of the group. The features that persuade managers comprise leader-worker relationships, which are the assurance to workers, which encompass in their leaders; task configuration, what is the attribute of the task; and the authority of their position, which is the official power and sway of managers. Hersey and Blanchard recommend the guidance approaches based on worker traits. Professor House formulates the path-goal leadership theory. It indicates that the leader must perform to attain elevated confidence and efficiency in a specified circumstance. The strategy points to an attention on supporting workers to crave for the accurate path or objective (Salehzadeh et al). The situational guidance model provides detailed propositions on how managers should acclimatize to diverse state of affairs. Firstly, they should prioritize the hazards. Secondly, they should evaluate worker expertise and inspiration. Thirdly, they should settle on the leadership technique guiding, training, helping or scrutinizing that best suits the circumstances. Managers may have to utilize a permutation of these approaches to tackle several members of the group. The path-goal theory proposes that managers judge their workers' expertise before allocating duties, influence workers of their skills to carry out the allotted responsibilities and recompense those who go beyond anticipations (Alanazi et al). The features of both strategies are mainly to acquire organizational growth. For Barrett-Jackson, path goal strategy fits the best as it assess workers capability before assigning the tasks, which forces them to complete stipulated responsibilities and is awarded for better perfor mance. 2. The company has fixed the norm for the bidding business in offering an moral operation procedure, which provides the consumers superior poise and safety. Craig Jackson persists to sustain the moral principles of the industry, which was accorded from his parents. The family of him highlighted a burly wisdom of trade ethics, which put apart Barrett-Jackson from the majority of its entrants. The auction industry, according the version of the President, will separate themselves and perform activities in an ethical means to guarantee that the collection the right norms for their consumers. These actions have been established in their business ethnicity from the very commencement of the industry. The industry endeavors to guarantee that all biddings are unbiased (de Poel et al). Barrett-Jackson performs to avert fake auctions from non-existing purchasers intended to elevate the expense, over and above owners auctioning on their personal vehicles if the cost is very little. Barrett-Jacks on considers that being translucent is vital for providing outstanding consumer overhaul. To evade contentment with its moral business operations, Barrett-Jackson constantly evaluates and modifies its industry strategies and even employed a main inspection firm to accomplish a pressure-free investigation of its business operations. The industry owns the title of worlds most ethical industry and companies that accept this reputation perform commerce in an ethical way by representing actual and continual moral management within their industries. This is a gigantic achievement as an industry in the auction commerce has made its spot on the list for the very first time (Ferrell, Odies and Fraedrich). 3. Barrett-Jackson is regarded for its noteworthy offerings to society associations and charitable trusts. The powerful auction house has produced approximately $33.1 million for several charitable trusts through the United States of America yet. It also puts aside all delivery expenses and transaction costs on any vehicle sold for generous causes. Several foundations like Hendrick Marrow, Darrell Gwynn Foundation, Susan G. Komen have got benefit from the transaction of a car at a Barrett-Jackson bidding and the humanitarian activities of its consumers. The company produced over $4.2 million for 20 nationwide with regional charitable trusts to carry on its custom of aiding back to the society (Pride). Craig Jackson set up the Barrett-Jackson Cancer Research Fund at the Translational Genomics Research Institute in 2010. At the most current bidding in Scottsdale held in January, the company gained over $250,000 for Translational Genomics for cancer research through the selling of a uni que 1993 Chevrolet Corvette Coupe and personalized contributions. A car-collector devotee to be traded at the 40th centenary auction contributed the vehicle. Barrett-Jackson looks for to be a communally accountable enterprise by helping the regional societies and philanthropies. To achieve this objective, the industry tributes various establishments and foundations at its bidding reveals and then contributes a part of its profits to numerous receivers in the regional society. As Barrett-Jacksonis a socially responsible auction company, it stays successful and it eradicates the chance of fraud. Providing aids adds value to the reputation and standing of the organization (Hubbard, Timothy and Paarsch). References Salehzadeh, Reza, et al. "Proposing a new approach for evaluating the situational leadership theory based on the Kano model: The case of university students."International Journal of Public Leadership11.1 (2015): 4-20. Alanazi, Talal Ratyana, Bandar Khalaf Alharthey, and Amran Rasli. "Overview of path-goal leadership theory."Sains Humanika64.2 (2013). de Poel, Frouke M., Janka I. Stoker, and Karen I. Van der Zee. "Leadership and organizational tenure diversity as determinants of project team effectiveness."Group Organization Management39.5 (2014): 532-560. Ferrell, Odies C., and John Fraedrich.Business ethics: Ethical decision making cases. Nelson Education, 2016. Pride, William.Marketing 2014. Cengage Learning, 2013. Hubbard, Timothy P., and Harry J. Paarsch.Auctions. Mit Press, 2016.

The Negative Impact of Illegal Aliens on the American Economy free essay sample

A common sense solution to the problem of illegal immigration is for American employers to not hire illegal aliens. II. Illegal aliens send their children to public schools which costs American taxpayers. III. Illegal aliens cost American citizens money by using hospitals and not paying their bills; this makes the cost of health care rise and therefore, the cost of health insurance increases. IV. Illegal aliens receive welfare and other government aid, including billions of dollars in tax credits each year. V. Illegal aliens find it easy to gain employ employment while the percentage of unemployment skyrockets for U.  S. citizens. A. The propaganda that Americans do not want these jobs in hard laboring fields is simply a myth. B. American companies have a difficult time resisting the lure of cheap labor. C. American businesses do not realize the high cost of cheap labor. a. Most of the moneys paid to illegal workers are sent abroad to their families in other countries instead of be ing circulated to back into the American economy. We will write a custom essay sample on The Negative Impact of Illegal Aliens on the American Economy or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page b. Business owners and employers who are caught hiring illegal aliens are punished by having to pay high fines; repeat offenders face jail time. c. American businesses should take more precautionary steps to avoid hiring illegal aliens, such as the national database (E-Verify) and this would deter illegals from crossing our borders. VI. Conclusion The ever growing epidemic of illegal aliens is bleeding the American economy dry. Reducing the number of illegal aliens would strengthen our economy and secure our nation. The Negative Impact of Illegal Aliens on the American Economy Millions of foreigners cross our borders in search of the â€Å"American Dream† but, instead of applying for citizenship, they enter illegally. They knowingly and willfully come into our country â€Å"through the back door† and this is a criminal offense. For this reason, these people will be referred as, by the proper label, illegal aliens. Referring to them as undocumented workers, or any other label, diminishes the criminality of them being in the United States and would be like calling a drug dealer an â€Å"unlicensed pharmacist† or calling a burglar an â€Å"unwanted guest†. Illegal aliens cause many problems for the United States; one of them being, the American economy. Illegal aliens are like parasites that feed off American citizens by stealing jobs, receiving free education for their children, and free health care. There is an estimated 12 million illegal aliens in the United States and while politicians and legislators spread their propaganda that our economy would suffer without illegal aliens, American employers should understand how detrimental illegals are to our nation and take every precaution to ensure that the employees they hire are, indeed, legal to work in the United States. One of the ways that our economy is negatively impacted is the burden placed on taxpayers for the cost of educating illegal aliens and their children. It has been estimated that over 65,000 illegal youth graduate American high schools each year (www. dreamact. info). Not only are free classes to learn English offered to illegal aliens across the nation, but their children are placed in America’s public schools at the expense of American taxpayers. These children come to school every week; receive a free breakfast, receive a free lunch, are provided an interpreter, and are often provided after school programs. Because 62% of all illegal aliens in the United States are paid â€Å"under the table† and do not pay taxes, American citizens are left with a tab of $52 billion every year for educating children of illegal aliens (Thorn, 2012). The cost of educating children of illegals is bankrupting our nation; yet, amnesty was granted to more than 800 thousand of these children through and executive order, July 15, 2012. President Obama has been pressuring Congress to pass a major piece of legislation known as the DREAM Act which legalizes all children of illegal aliens in this country. These children are commonly referred to as â€Å"Dreamers†. The executive order, that was just recently made granting amnesty to these children, was an effort to circumvent Congress and enact the DREAM Act. When asked if the parents of the children that were just granted amnesty would still be subject to deportation, Janet Napolitano replied: â€Å"No. We are not going to do that. We have internally set it up that parents are not referred for immigration enforcement if the young person comes in for deferred action. † (Thorn, 2012). Now, in addition to educating illegal children, Americans are expected to pay for their parents to be here as well. Illegal aliens also cost American citizens by receiving free healthcare and other government aid. America has had the best healthcare system in the world, however, the cost for health care and health insurance has dramatically risen over recent years. This is because illegal aliens can walk into any hospital and demand treatment for themselves and their families without any intention to pay, nor risk of deportation. Many illegal aliens use U. S. ospitals for most of their health care needs; a range covering the common cold, giving birth, and medical emergencies. The overcrowding of emergency rooms by illegal aliens is obviously a nuisance to legal citizens who desperately need medical attention, but is also a direct cause for the increase of health care and insurance costs. By law, hospitals can not refuse any patient seeking treatment despite their being in the United States illegally, nor their non-payment for services. Hospitals have to compensate for the massive amount of care that is given without payment; therefore, they must increase the price charged to others. Many hospitals have been forced to close their doors as a result of so many illegals and non-payment for services. Health insurance companies then need to compensate for the higher bills they receive from hospitals and must increase the cost of premiums. Once again, the average American citizen foots the bill for illegal aliens. Now, with the passing of the universal healthcare law, commonly known as Obamacare, illegal aliens will have even more access to healthcare professionals at the expense of Americans. In 009, a provision was passed that makes â€Å"documentation requirement optional† for states. In addition to making it optional for states to require applicants to provide legal documentation, the federal government provides incentives for states to forego proper documents by offering â€Å"performance bonuses†. States that pay roughly half the cost of CHIP and Medicaid can now reduce its share to as little as 5% per new person added to the program (Streiff, 2009) . In order to fund Obamacare which provides healthcare to one and all, including illegal aliens, Americans are taxed once again. The United States government also provides welfare and other government programs such as rent subsidies and food stamps to illegal aliens. Even though illegal aliens have never paid a single dime into Social Security and other government programs, 51% of illegal households from Mexico use at least one major welfare program, while 28% reported using more than one welfare program. This study was performed and confirmed by the Center of Immigration Study (Thorn, 2012). Some illegal aliens even receive tax credits and get money back from the Internal Revenue Service. Illegal aliens, of course, can not receive a Social Security Number; however, even though they are working illegally, they are still required to pay taxes. The IRS thought it would be clever to offer an Individual Taxpayer Identification Number (ITIN) for those who are illegally but still want to report their earnings and pay taxes. This idea has backfired and is now costing Americans even more billions of dollars each year. The loophole is the Additional Child Tax Credit that offers a credit of $1,000 per child and is meant to help working families with children living at home. Illegal aliens take advantage of this credit and report dozens of children (nieces, nephews, neighbors) that not only do not live with them in their house , they still live in Mexico and have never even visited the United States. On average, the IRS pays out $10,000-$12,000 per claim for illegals and sometimes up to $30,000. Illegal workers filed 3. 02 million tax returns in 2010 and 72% of those returns (2. 18 million) claimed the additional child tax credit (Segall, 2012). Illegal aliens cost Americans billions of dollars each year through free education, free healthcare and tax benefits; and as a nail to the coffin, hey steal American jobs. Illegal aliens cross the border looking for work and are willing to work for low wages and little to no benefits. Many American businesses cannot resist this lure of cheap labor. In the agricultural industry alone, illegal aliens represent 75% of the work force (Jordan, 2011). The hiring of illegal aliens is not restricted to just agriculture; many other companies, such as Verizon, McDonald’s, Wal-Mart, and Krispy Kreme Doughnuts, have been found guilty of hiring illegal aliens. An audit of Pro’s Ranch Markets in May, 2010 resulted in the firing of over 300 illegal aliens and it was discovered that over 20% of the company’s workforce were illegals (Gibson, 2011). The construction industry is another field where you will find many illegal aliens. It has been estimated that illegal aliens comprise up to 36% of construction workers in the United States; the percentage is even higher in Texas (Coats, 2006). The percentage of illegal aliens in the construction industry has undoubtedly risen since the number of illegal aliens in the United States has now risen to almost 12 million. Businesses not only benefit from paying lesser wages, but also lesser taxes as well. The wages paid â€Å"under the table† are not reported to the government and therefore, no taxes are taken out. It seems that the benefits of hiring illegal aliens are just too good to pass up for many companies in multiple industries across the country. Businesses, politicians, and social activists try to justify their criminal activity of hiring illegal aliens by stating that Americans do not want these jobs and the American economy would suffer without them. This paints Americans as lazy and treats them as second class citizens. It is not that Americans do not want these jobs; it is that Americans want to be paid a fair wage. Most Americans are more skilled and more qualified for these jobs and want to be paid for what they are worth. Also, American citizens pay a high percentage of their earnings in taxes and in order to support their families, they cannot afford to work for lower wages that they pay illegal aliens. Another example of how Americans get beat out of gaining jobs is in the construction industry. Sub-contractors are required to carry general liability and workers comp but, a ghost policy for workers comp can be written if the sub-contractor is a one man company and avoid paying the 18-20% per $100 of insurance. Many sub-contractors purchase ghost policies and then hire dozens of illegal aliens. American citizens want these jobs, especially with the high unemployment rate, but they can’t compete with the illegals that come to the United States to work. Employers who fall for the temptation of cheap labor do not realize the high cost they will pay in the end. They do not realize that most of the money that is paid to illegal aliens is sent abroad to their home countries. Without that money being circulated back into the local economy, local businesses suffer. When local businesses suffer, the entire community is affected. The local businesses have to start laying off employees, the employees who are fired buy fewer products, and the spiral continues. Companies who try to save money by hiring illegals only hurt themselves in the end for eventually consumers will end up without jobs and be reluctant to buy these companies products. Another cost of hiring illegals is that many of them are not as skilled and it costs the companies to have to go back and fix their mistakes. In addition, companies that are caught by the authorities end up paying a high price for hiring illegal aliens. For example, Champion Windows, a Houston company, ended up paying 2 million dollars in fines after an audit found that 269 of its 451 workers (over 60 %) were illegal aliens (Carroll, 2012). Companies who are caught repeating this offense could face jail time. The risk is greater than the reward. Business owners should take more steps to ensure that their employees are legal to work in the United States. To make this process easier for employers, there is a system called E-Verify which they can run a check on a potential employee to see he/she has proper papers. The E-Verify system is easy to use and is available for any American business to use. Companies that take advantage of E-Verify can save themselves time, money, and prevent themselves from legal trouble. Illegal aliens are bleeding the American economy dry. With the unemployment rate at 15% and millions of citizens without work, the ever increasing tax burden placed on America’s shoulder, and illegal aliens rolling into the United States like an ocean tide; America is going bankrupt. Many have pondered as to how to correct this epidemic of illegal aliens, offering solutions such as stronger border control, enforcing current immigration laws, and shutting down â€Å"sanctuary cities and states†. These are excellent ideas, in addition, there is a common sense solution that American employers can perform themselves; that is to simply not hire illegal aliens.

Lab Report Electrical Conductivity Essay Example

Lab Report Electrical Conductivity Paper When an ionic compound forms, the anion transfers an electron to the action which creates an electrostatic bond and an electrically neutral compound. Also, they readily solve in aqueous solutions and are good conductors of heat and electricity. Further, ionic compounds can be classified as either strong conductors or weak conductors. In contrast, molecular compounds are formed from non-metals. Molecular compounds share electrons between atoms forming a covalent bond. In general, molecular compounds do not dissolve readily in solution and are poor conductors of heat and electricity. They are classified as Nan-electrolyte compounds. The reason of why electrolytes or ionic compounds are supposed to conduct electricity is because of the charge of the molecule, ionic compounds can have either a really positive or a really negative charge. This charge in the molecule makes it easier to electrons to move from molecule to molecule; therefore an electric current is generated. On the other hand, covalent compounds, either polar or non-polar, are not capable of conducting electricity. This is because they have more balanced charges and it is harder for electrons to move from one particle to another one. Also one has to take into account that when dealing with mixtures, if it contains one ionic compound and a covalent compound, its conductivity will be affected by the covalent compound and it probably wont ransoms an electric current. In this experiment, six different substances will be used in order to determine their electrical conductivity. We will write a custom essay sample on Lab Report Electrical Conductivity specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Lab Report Electrical Conductivity specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Lab Report Electrical Conductivity specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Objectives To know, determine and prove which substances are capable to conduct electricity and which substances cant conduct electricity and if any of these six following substances can conduct electricity by submerging two copper wires connected to a battery that powers up a light bulb when electric current is present and the copper wire conduct it. Also being able to explain at the end the cause of why some substances were not capable to transmit an electric current while other substances could. Material IV battery 3 copper wires 1 small light bulb pup Physiological serum (Electrolytes) Storage Sucrose 1% Nasal KICK 5% 2 screws Method 1 . Connect the copper wires to the battery and the light bulb, (first wire) one end goes to the battery and the other end is left aside, (second wire) one end goes to the battery and the other goes to the light bulb, (third wire) one end goes to a metal part next to the light bulb and the other end is left aside.

Battle of Champion Hill in the American Civil War

Battle of Champion Hill in the American Civil War   Battle of Champion Hill - Conflict Date: The Battle of Champion Hill was fought May 16, 1863, during the American Civil War (1861-1865). Armies Commanders: Union Major General Ulysses S. Grant32,000 men Confederates Lieutenant General John C. Pemberton22,000 men Battle of Champion Hill - Background: In late 1862, Major General Ulysses S. Grant commenced efforts to capture the key Confederate fortress of Vicksburg, MS. Situated high on the bluffs above the Mississippi River, the town was critical to controlling the river below. After encountering numerous difficulties in approaching Vicksburg, Grant elected to move south through Louisiana and cross the river below the town. He was assisted in this plan by Rear Admiral David D. Porters flotilla of gunboats. On April 30, 1863, Grants Army of the Tennessee began moving across the Mississippi at Bruinsburg, MS. Brushing aside Confederate forces at Port Gibson, Grant drove inland. With Union troops to the south, the Confederate commander at Vicksburg, Lieutenant General John Pemberton, began organizing a defense outside of the city and calling for reinforcements from General Joseph E. Johnston. The majority of these were sent to Jackson, MS though their travel to the city was slowed by damage inflicted to the railroads by Colonel Benjamin Griersons cavalry raid in April. With Grant pushing northeast, Pemberton anticipated that  Union troops  would drive directly on Vicksburg and began withdrawing back towards the city. Able to keep the enemy off balance, Grant instead attacked towards  Jackson with the goal of  cutting the Southern Railroad which connected the two cities. Covering his left flank with the  Big Black River, Grant pressed ahead with Major General James B. McPhersons XVII Corps on the right and issued orders for it  to proceed through Raymond to strike the railroad at Bolton. To McPhersons left, Major General John McClernands XIII Corps was to sever the Southern at Edwards while Major General William T. Shermans XV Corps was to attack between Edwards and Bolton at Midway (Map). On May 12, McPherson defeated some of the reinforcements from Jackson at the Battle of Raymond. Two days later, Sherman drove Johnstons men from Jackson and captured the city.   Retreating, Johnston instructed Pemberton to attack Grants rear. Believing this plan to  be  too dangerous and that it risked leaving Vicksburg uncovered, he instead marched against Union supply trains moving between Grand Gulf  and Raymond.   Johnston reiterated his order on May 16 leading Pemberton to plan a countermarch northeast  towards Clinton.  Ã‚  Having cleared his rear, Grant turned west to deal with Pemberton and begin the drive against  Vicksburg.   This saw McPherson  advance in the north, McClernand in the south,  while Sherman, having completed operations at  Jackson, brought  up the rear. Battle of Champion Hill - Contact:   As Pemberton contemplated his orders on the morning of May 16, his army was strung out along the Ratliff Road from its intersection with the Jackson and Middle Roads south to where it crossed the Raymond Road.   This saw Major General Carter Stevensons division  at the northern end of the line, Brigadier General John S. Bowens in the middle, and Major General William Lorings in the south.   Early in the day, Confederate cavalry encountered Union pickets from Brigadier General A.J. Smiths division from McClernands XIII Corps near a roadblock Loring had  erected on the Raymond Road.   Learning of this, Pemberton instructed Loring to hold off the enemy while the army commenced its march towards Clinton (Map). Hearing the firing, Brigadier General Stephen D. Lee of Stevensons division, became concerned about a potential threat up the Jackson Road to the northeast.   Sending forward scouts, he deployed his brigade on nearby Champion Hill as a precaution.   Shortly  after assuming this position, Union forces were spotted advancing down the road.   These were  the men of Brigadier General Alvin P. Hoveys Division, XIII Corps.   Seeing the danger, Lee  informed Stevenson who dispatched Brigadier General Alfred Cummings brigade to  form on Lees right.   To the south,  Loring formed his  division behind Jackson Creek and turned back an initial attack by Smiths division.   This done, he assumed a stronger position on a ridge near the Coker House. Battle of Champion Hill - Ebb and Flow: Reaching the Champion House, Hovey spotted the Confederates on his front.   Sending forward the brigades of Brigadier General George McInnis and Colonel James Slack, his forces began engaging Stevensons division.   Slightly to the south, a third Union column, led by Brigadier General Peter Osterhaus XIII Corps division approached the field on the  Middle Road  but halted when it encountered a Confederate roadblock.   As Hoveys men prepared to attack, they were reinforced by Major General John A. Logans Division from XVII Corps.   Forming on Hoveys right, Logans men were moving into position when Grant arrived around 10:30 AM.   Ordering Hoveys men to attack, the two brigades began advancing.   Seeing that Stevensons left flank was in the air, Logan directed Brigadier General John D. Stevensons brigade to strike this area.   The Confederate position was saved as Stevenson rushed Brigadier General Seth Bartons men to the left.   Barely arriving in time, they succeed ed covering the Confederate flank (Map). Slamming into Stevensons lines, McInnis and Slacks men began push the Confederates back.   With situation deteriorating, Pemberton directed Bowen and Loring to bring up their divisions.   As time passed and no troops appeared, a concerned  Pemberton began riding south and rushed forward Colonel Francis Cockrell and Brigadier General Martin Greens brigades from Bowens Division.   Arriving on Stevensons right, they struck Hoveys men and began driving them back  over Champion Hill.   In a desperate situation, Hoveys men were saved by the arrival of Colonel George B. Boomers  brigade of  Brigadier General Marcellus Crockers division  which helped stabilize their line.   As the rest of Crockers division, the brigades of Colonels Samuel A. Holmes and John B. Sanborn, joined the fray, Hovey rallied his men and the combined force counterattacked. Battle of Champion Hill -  Victory Achieved: As the line in the north began to waver, Pemberton became increasingly irate at Lorings inaction.   Possessing a deep personal dislike of Pemberton, Loring had realigned his division but had done nothing to shift men toward the fighting.   Committing Logans men to fight, Grant began to overwhelm Stevensons position.   The Confederate right broke first and was followed by Lees men.   Storming forward, Union forces captured the entire 46th Alabama.   To further worsen Pembertons situation, Osterhaus renewed his advance on the Middle Road.   Livid, the Confederate commander rode off in search of Loring.   Encountering Brigadier General Abraham Bufords brigade, he rushed it forward. As he returned to his headquarters, Pemberton learned that Stevenson and Bowens lines had been shattered.   Seeing no alternative, he ordered a general retreat south to the Raymond Road and west to a bridge over Bakers Creek.   While beaten troops flowed southwest, Smiths artillery opened on Brigadier General Lloyd Tilghmans brigade which was still  blocking the Raymond Road.   In the exchange, the  Confederate commander was killed.   Retreating to  Raymond Road, Lorings men  attempted to follow Stevenson and Bowens divisions over the Bakers Creek Bridge.   They were prevented from doing  so by Union brigade that had crossed upstream and had turned south in an attempt to cut off the Confederate retreat.   As a result, Lorings Division moved south before circling around Grant to reach Jackson.   Fleeing the field, Stevenson and Bowens divisions made for defenses along the Big Black River. Battle of Champion Hill - Aftermath: The bloodiest engagement of the campaign to reach Vicksburg, the Battle of Champion Hill saw Grant suffer 410 killed, 1,844 wounded, and 187 missing/captured while Pemberton incurred 381 killed, 1,018 wounded, and 2,441 missing/captured.   A key moment in the  Vicksburg Campaign, the victory ensured that Pemberton and Johnston would not be able to unite.  Ã‚  Forced  to  begin falling back towards the city, Pemberton and Vicksburgs fate were essentially sealed.   Conversely, having been defeated, Pemberton  and Johnston failed to  isolate Grant in central  Mississippi, cut off his supply lines to the river, and win a key victory for the Confederacy.  Ã‚  In the wake of the battle, Grant was critical of McClernands inaction.  Ã‚  He firmly believed that had XIII Corps attacked with vigor, Pembertons army could have been destroyed and the  Siege of Vicksburg avoided.   After spending the night at Champion Hill,  Grant continued his pursuit the next day and w on another victory at the Battle of Big Black River  Bridge.    Selected Sources: Civil War Trust: Battle of Champion HillBattle of Champion HillCWSAC Battle Summaries: Battle of Champion Hill

International Business Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

International Business - Assignment Example advantages and better marketing position where as many firms have failed in their international expansion efforts as they didn’t heed the basic tenets ingrained in the critical business environments. In today’s increasingly competitive and international free market economy contexts, transnational exchanging of technology, infrastructure and demographic movement have become increasingly important (Johnson and Turner, 2003, p. 1). The ultimate outcome of this growing importance of international business is that a customer, no matter whether he lives in Europe, Asia, Africa or Australia, will be familiar with a large number of world-class brands like Apple, Cadbury, Coca-cola, Dell, Ford, HP, Nestle, Nokia, Toyota and so on. The effect of globalization is that new brands are seemingly born global, For this research paper, Apple Inc- specifically its Smartphone sector- has been chosen to conduct detailed analysis on the literature related to the international business and organizational factors. This research paper presents an analysis on internal and external environment of the chosen organization- Apple Inc and examines its strategies for international marketing in terms of effectiveness and usefulness for its international operation. Apple inc, founded by Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak and Ronald Wayne in the 1970s is one of the most internationally influential and highly successful companies of today. It is an American multinational company that designs, makes and markets PCs, portable music players, cell phones, software, computer peripheral and services. It markets through its own retailing, online stores and third party sellers (Sander and Slatter, 2009, p. 81, Linzmayer, 2004). Apple was the first mainstream marketer for personal computers and is still an important market player worldwide and it has become a niche player by setting the pace for ease of use, innovative design and customer loyalty. Apple’s story is that one off-hobby machines that a most

Research and Academic Skills Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Research and Academic Skills - Essay Example If anyone is doing research on experiment learning within a practical subject i.e Hairdressing, you will look around, compare your initiative with others, compare your facilities, and so on. You might look at specialist, make promotions. In other words, before you bring anything you will collect verification and appraise it before making a final decision. Research is finding out what you don't already know. No one knows everything, but everybody knows something. However, to complicate matters, often what you know, or think you know, is incorrect. There are two basic purposes for research: to learn something, or to gather evidence. The first, to learn something, is for your own benefit. It is almost impossible for a human to stop learning. Research is organized learning, looking for specific things to add to your store of knowledge (Richard, 1996). There are three types of research, pure, original, and secondary. Each type has the goal of finding information and/or understanding something. The difference comes in the strategy employed in achieving the objective. Academic skills are all about helping you learn how to be a more effective learner and develop the research skills that will help you now and in the future (University of Southampton, 2009). The skills are most appropriately viewed as multivariate. In the popular literature, a multivariate view of skills is perhaps best encapsulated in Howard Gardner's (1993) writing about multiple intelligences. He defines seven intelligences: the linguistic and logical-mathematical intelligences that are at such a premium in schools today; musical intelligence; spatial intelligence bodily-kinesthetic intelligence; and two forms of personal intelligence, one directed toward other persons, one directed toward oneself . Thus, academic Skills offer services for students who wish to develop their academic skills in any field. This service aims to help students develop independent learning strategies to maximize their academic performance. The Academic Skills usually run workshops and classes aimed at helping students develop their academic as well as practical skills. It supports the experiential learning to the students for their academic enhancement as well as career upliftment. The academic skills encourage critical thinking right from the start of the studies. It helps to build on the first skills-based assignment. The students tackle the task armed with guidelines, checklists and templates, and can consult the feedback. The academic skills will support to learn the required academic skills and are able to think critically about the issues (Bruton). c. Skills and Career: It is now commonly accepted that changes in work and the workplace are transforming the kinds of knowledge, skills, and attitudes needed for successful work performance. Evidence for new skill needs from employer surveys, for example, suggests that employers are often more concerned about soft skills or attitudes rather than technical knowledge or competencies. Empirical studies of work find that employers and workers also feel generic skills, such as problem solving, communication and the ability to work in teams, are increasingly important for workplace

Marketing of MonoSpace Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Marketing of MonoSpace - Case Study Example Hatala is contemplating the following issues: Political: 90% of Kone's sales come from international markets. This makes it very vulnerable to political stability in its global markets for example Italy is one of the markets of Kone and elevator regulations are governed in Italy by parliament. Thus , to bring MonoSpace i.e. an elevator without a machine room in compliance with standards , it would require an act by the parliament. Economical: The performance of elevator industry is directly proportional to the performance of the construction industry. The construction industry has maximum potential in developing countries rather than the developed countries. The reason for this is that the developed countries have maximized their growth potential whereas the developing countries would require heavy spending on construction to build malls, offices and other infrastructure. Thus, the most economically feasible regions for Kone products would be the less developed Asian and Australian markets as compared to the developed European and EU markets. Social: It can be argued that the MonoSpace elevators are a hard sell since it requires a unanimous decision of people from different backgrounds for e.g. the owner might be affluent and influential wanting perfection in the looks and features of the elevator, the contractor would be worried about the cost benefit analysis and the property developer would be thinking about the cost saving versus the benefit of space saved. Technological: elevator market is a technologically driven market. However, technology that is being applied is at the back office rather than on the consumer side. The consumer is only impressed by the ride comfort and speed of the elevator. The customer i.e. the owner investor or the property developer, contractor etc would be interested in the performance (maintenance cost, Hazards involved), initial investment and the space that is being used by the elevator machine room. This space is rendered useless for the owner since the elevators are using it. The reason behind the margin erosion phenomena is that the features directly impacting the customer (the owner, contractor and property developer) are similar by all the various competitors and there is not much differentiation in the end product. Gearless Traction Gear traction Hydraulic 10% 30% 60% Commercial Buildings High rise Less than 6 floors Low rise Legislative: In France, Kone had received approval only for ten installations. It can be deduced from this that having a machine room less elevator is a benefit provided to the customers however, it has widespread concerns and ambiguities and customers as well as the various governments would like to test the new MonoSpace product first for reliability before letting it be installed all over their regions. Environmental: Unlike the hydraulic elevators, which use two hundred plus liters of oil,

Depression and suicide attempt

Depression and suicide attempt Suicide is the most destructive behavior of human. There are many risk factors that make people commit suicide. Some are biological that genetic and neurotransmitters may play a role in risk for suicide. Some are clinical that mental disorders, particularly mood disorders, schizophrenia, anxiety disorders and certain personality disorders contribute to suicidal behaviors. Some are psychosocial that lack of social support and sense of isolation also increase the risk of suicide (Suicide Prevention Resource Center, n.d.). These factors are important to understand why people have suicidal behaviors. For example, the suicides in Hong Kong can be explained by clinical and psychosocial factors which range from psychiatric illness and a history of past suicide attempt to unemployment and the absence of social support (Shuiyuan et al., 2006). Among different risk factors, major depression is a significant one that it is both the strongest risk factors for attempted suicide in adults and yout hs. People suffered from depression are at a greater potential to attempt suicide. Lets define depression for the purposes of subsequent discussion. It is the most common mental disorder. Clinical depression is generally acknowledged to be more serious than just sadness or normal depressed feelings. It is characterized by a severely depressed mood that persists at least two weeks, with at least five defining features (Robert, James Susan, 1996). For example, people with depression may experience a lack of interest and pleasure in daily activities, significant weight loss or gain, insomnia or excessive sleeping, lack of energy, etc. The depressed mood often leads to constant negative thinking and sometimes substance abuse. Extreme depression can culminate in its sufferers attempting or recurrent thoughts of death and committing suicide. The increased risk of suicide by depression is caused by its association with suicidal ideation. This depression-suicidal ideation link has been documented in research studies conducted with Asian adolescents. In a study of Korean high school students (Rebecca Vivien, 2006), depression was found to be the strongest and most consistent predictor of suicidal behaviors. Students who had high scores on depression were 5.31 times more likely to report suicidal ideas and 3.19 times more likely to attempt suicide, as compared to those with low scores. It shows that depressed people have a higher chance to think about suicide whether or not they intend to act on these thoughts. The risky people to commit suicide, however, are not those who are severely depressed because they often do not have the energy to harm themselves. It is when their depression lifts and they gain increased energy that they may be more likely to attempt suicide. Nevertheless, the link between depression and suicide attempt is not solely a direct causal relationship, but in fact, it is a complication of depressive illness in combination with other risk factors to trigger the suicide attempt. To begin with, stressful life events combined with depression may lead to suicide. Those stressful events often precede a suicide attempt. They may include death of a relative, breakup, loss of a job, etc. They are rarely a sufficient cause of suicide, but they often act as precipitating factors in young people (PreventionLane, .n.d.). On the other hand, sociodemographic factors are often associated with depression. The combination of them brings about suicide attempt. For example, females are strongly associated with depression that they are more predisposed to depression compared to males. Females are also strongly related to suicide attempt that they are more likely to attempt suicide than males that there are three female attempts for each male attempt (Chris, 2010). Intriguingly, it shows that gender, as a sociodemographic factor, has influences on depression and suicide attempt as well. In other words, it is the antecedent that triggers the happening of depression and suicide attempt. The effect of gender on depression and suicide attempt may stem from gender stereotypes and identity roles (Christina, 2004). There are different social expectations for males and females that females are encouraged to express their feelings while males are not, hence increase the chances of depression being triggered by social factors, such as loss of friends. So females are more likely to suffer from depression, which in turn, lead to subsequent suicide attempt. Besides gender, age also has a significant relationship with depression and suicide attempt. People in two age groups are more vulnerable to depression and suicide attempt which are adolescent and elderly respectively. Their risks of suicide are very high, especially the adolescent. Suicide of adolescent has become a global issue that they are now the group at highest risk in a third of countries, in both developed and developing countries (World Health Organization, n.d.). While in Hong Kong, the trend of adolescent suicide is on the rise in recent years with an average annual growth of 10%, while the first 8 months in 2010, youth suicide figures have been comparable with the 2009 full year figures. So far this year, there were 26 young people under 25 years old committed suicide cases and 30 cases of suicide attempt were rescued (The Samaritan Befrienders Hong Kong, 2010). For the suicide attempt of adolescents, depression is the major risk factor. There are a couple of reasons why adolescents develop depression. It can be family problem because they dont have a good relationship with the parents. It may be a reaction to a disturbing event, such as a breakup with a boyfriend or girlfriend or failure at school. There is also a personality predisposition to depression. Adolescents who have low self-esteem and feel little sense of control over negative events are particularly at risk to become depressed when they experience stressful events. There are some more sociodemographic characteristics that are potential risk factors for depression and suicidal attempt, such as marital status, sexual orientation and employment status. Divorced people, homosexuals and unemployed people are both found to be strongly linked to depression and suicide. These factors, combined with gender and age are crucial to understand the problem of suicide deeply and find out the kind of people who are vulnerable to suicide attempt From another perspective, comorbid disorders in depression are also associated with suicide attempt. In one study investigating comorbid disorder in depression (James et al., 2010), specific comorbid anxiety, personality, and substance use disorders are found to be strongly associated with suicide attempt. For anxiety disorder, it is panic disorder comorbidity in depression to have a threefold increase of suicide attempt when compared to depression without panic disorder. Posttraumatic stress disorder is another comorbidity that associated with suicide attempt. Moreover, personality disorder comorbidity in depression also highlights the risk of suicide attempt. Borderline avoidant, paranoid, and schizoid personality disorders comorbid with depression are all associated with higher rates of suicide attempt. Especially borderline personality disorder, it increased the odds of suicide attempt by seven times. Among the comorbid disorders in depression, substance use disorders are worthy for further discussion because it is the most common comorbidity in depression. People turn to drugs to help them feel better when they feel depressed and overwhelmed with life. It is a way of self-medicating which can lead to substance abuse. The chemical balance in the brain of the people will be affected by substance abuse, intensifying feelings of depression and sadness (Suicide Awareness Voices of Education. n.d.). It will wind up as a vicious circle that substance abuse leads to increasingly severe depression. The depressed mood contributes to suicidal thoughts and suicidal attempt. Therefore, substance abuse disorder comorbidity in depression is indeed a high risk factor for suicide attempt. After depressed people resort to substance abuse, their odds of suicide attempt will increase over time because they will become more depressed. Last but not the least, a history of past suicidal ideation and previous suicide attempts are also strong risk factors for suicide attempts. They are one of the most consistently identified risk factors for future suicide attempts in depression (Sokero et al., 2005). A male attempted suicide in the past is more than thirty times more likely to complete suicide, while a female with a past attempt has about three times the risk (PreventionLane, .n.d.). The combination of depression and other risk factors contribute to suicide attempt. Some sociodemographic factors such as gender and age is significant in the development of depression, which in turn, prompt the onset of suicide attempt. Comorbid disorders in depression also increases the risk of suicide attempt. These factors will be helpful to identify the people who are at risk of suicide attempt and more importantly, provide an insight of specific measures of suicide prevention and intervention for the depressed people in the long term.

Measuring Reaction Rate Using Volume of Gas Produced

Chemistry 12 Formal Report Measuring Reaction Rate using Volume of Gas Produced By John Doe 23th October 2012 Introduction An essential element of chemistry is finding reaction rates. This is because chemists need to know how long a reaction should take. In addition to needing to know the rate of a reaction at any point in time to monitor how the reaction is proceeding. Many factors effect reaction rates, two shown above include temperature and concentration. Concentration affects the rate of reactions because the more concentrated a solution the more likely collisions between particles will be.This is simply because there are more particles present to collide with each other. When the temperature is higher, particles will have more energy. This means that more reactions will happen for two reasons, firstly more particles will come into contact with each other because they are moving around more and secondly because the reactions occur at higher speed making it more likely to succeed . A few other factors are the surface area and if a catalyst is present. The larger the surface area the more collisions will occur because there are more places for molecules to react with each other.A catalyst affects the rate of reaction not by increasing the number of collisions, but by making more of the collisions that do occur successful. Ordinary household bleach is an aqueous solution of sodium hypochlorite, NaClO, this contains little more than 5% NaClO by mass. Bleaching is caused by the ion. Under normal circumstances this ion breaks down slowly giving off oxygen gas and the chloride ion, . In order to speed up this reaction a catalyst is needed. In this experiment the catalyst used was cobalt (II) nitrate solution.When this is added to the bleach a black precipitate of cobalt (III) nitrate is formed which acts as a catalyst for the decomposition of The purpose of this experiment was to determine how concentration of reactants and temperature affect the rate of the react ion between bleach and 0. 01M cobalt (II) nitrate solution. In this experiment the volume of gas produced shows the rate of the reaction. Procedure Figure 1 Firstly, all safety protocols were ensured and applied (lab apron and safety goggles). The apparatus was set up with reference to figure 1 above.Then, the eudiometer was filled with water and inverted into the trough, which was half filled with water. It was held in a vertical position with the burette clamp attached to the stand. The rubber tubing was joined to the top of the glass tube, which goes through the stopper on the flask. The other end of the tubing was then placed into the neck of the eudiometer. 15mL of bleach solution was measured into the 25mL-graduated cylinder and poured into the Erlenmeyer flask. As followed, 5mL of 0. 10M of cobalt (II) nitrate solution was measured and poured into the 10mL-graduated cylinder.Once ready, the cobalt nitrate solution was poured into the flask containing the bleach solution, and the rubber stopper was immediately slotted in. It was then mixed and stirred as well as recorded (time). It was noted that a black precipitate of cobalt (III) oxide was forming, and from then on the flask was stirred gently and constantly. This was significant to dislodge bubbles of oxygen from the surface of the Co2O3 catalyst. Another thing that was important to note was that if the swirling was stopped or reduced, the rate decreases, so therefore the amount of swirling must be kept steady and uniform throughout the runs.The total volume of oxygen that had been collected was recorded every 30 seconds until a volume of 50mL was obtained. Also, the actual elapsed time of when the 50mL mark was reached was recorded. Once the first run was successful, the following needed to be repeated the same way: the same amount of solutions must be measured into the same containers, and the procedure of applying them needed to be the same too (time recorded, measurements, temperature, etc. ). The only thing that was different in the next run was that the reactants had to be at a temperature of 10? C above room temperature before mixed.This was accomplished by placing both the flask with bleach and the graduated cylinder with the cobalt (II) nitrate in a water bath for 10 minutes, and then adding the cobalt (II) nitrate to the flask, then back into the water bath. Hot water was used to increase the temperature, and cold water was used to adjust it. The next run was a similar idea to the previous one, but the reactants were brought down to a temperature 10? C below room temperature using ice. The steps to doing this are similar to the previous ones, but only this one required an addition of 20mL of water to the bleach solution before mixing.The reason being is so that the overall concentrations are half of their original vales. The run that followed after was also identical, but instead of adding 20mL, 60mL was added. Now the overall concentrations after mixing were one quart er of their original values. The experiment was practically over, but there always had to be cleaning and instructed disposal of chemicals. The product(s) was/were instructed to be disposed in the designated container only for the waste solution. Finally, all the parties that participated in the experiment were obliged to wash their hands thoroughly with soap and water before leaving the laboratory.Analysis and Results The rate of production of oxygen for each reaction was slightly different. The rate of reaction is determined by the equation; For the control where the reaction to place at room temperature and with bleach with a concentration of 0. 529M, the rate of production of oxygen was 36. 1 mL/minute. In next reaction which took place at a temperature 10? higher than that had a rate of 39. 5 mL/minute. Next was the reaction which took place at 10? below room temperature which resulted in a rate of 26. 8 mL/minute.In the reaction that 20 mL of distilled water was added to the b leach solution and the temperature was kept constant, the reaction rate dropped to 16. 2 mL/minute. Finally the slowest reaction occurred when 60 mL of distilled water was added to the bleach causing a rate of 10. 8 mL/minute. The rate value changes as the temperature is changed. When the temperature increases by 10? , the rate of the reaction increases by a factor of 0. 12 (12%). This is again changed when the temperature is changed to 10? below room temperature. This results in a rate of production of oxygen, which is decreased by a factor of 0. 5 (25%). When the concentrations were changed so did the rate of reaction. When the concentration was changed to 0. 265M the rate of reaction dropped by a factor of 0. 5 (50%) below the control value. Furthermore when 60mL of water was added to the bleach dropping the concentration too 0. 132M the rate dropped by a factor of 0. 7 (70%). Bleach should never be mixed with any acid based cleaners because it results in the formation of toxic C l- gas. If bleach is mixed with an acid based cleaner in a small room it will result in a toxic build up of chlorine gas, which can be fatal to anyone spending time in the room.The equations for these reactions are shown below; Bleach is formed by the action of chlorine gas on sodium hydroxide, NaOH: The equation below represents the reaction of bleach with an acid based cleaner, which gives off chlorine gas Because of this reaction all acid based cleaners have warnings not to be mixed with bleach because it can result in injury or death. If bleach with 10% sodium hypochlorite was used for this experiment instead of bleach with 5. 25% sodium hypochlorite.The shape of the rate curve for the graph would likely be twice as steep as the graph for the reaction involving bleach with a concentration of 5. 25% sodium hypochlorite. This is because the reaction will finish faster due a concentration that is higher by a factor of two. In this experiment there were possibilities for errors, the main one would be caused by measuring the volume of air at certain times. The reason for this being an error is that at 30 seconds more air will have been produced than is bing measure this is because some oxygen is in the Erlenmeyer flask but still rising to the point at which it is measured.Also some oxygen is held back because of a kink in the rubber tubing. To improve this experiment I would use a better way of measuring the volume of oxygen produced, either by measuring the air pressure in a container attached to the flask where the reaction was taking place or by using a large tube with a piston inside that would slide along the inside of it showing how much oxygen is evolved during the reaction. Conclusion From the experiment that was carried out it can be concluded that both temperature and concentration effect reaction rates.The lower the temperature the slower the reaction rate, therefore the higher the temperature the faster the reaction takes place. Likewise the lower t he concentration of a solution the slower the reaction and the higher the concentration the faster the reaction is completed. ——————————————– [ 1 ]. Measuring Reaction Rate Using Volume of Gas Produced. † Experiment 11C. N. p. : SMG Lab, n. d. N. pag. Rpt. in Experiment 11C. N. p. : n. p. , n. d. 154-58. Print. [ 2 ]. DiGiuseppe, et al. Reaction Rates. N. p. : Nelson, 2012. Print. Nelson Education.

The Vandals

‘Answers to question on prose fiction should address relevantly the central concern(s)/theme(s) of the text and be supported by reference to appropriate techniques of prose fiction such as: Characterisation, setting, key incident(s), narrative technique, symbolism, structure, climax, plot, atmosphere, dialogue, imagery. Choose a novel or short story with a central character you consider to be heroic, Show how the heroic qualities are revealed and discuss how this portrayal of the character enhances your understanding of the text as a whole.ANSWER: Many complaints recently have revolved around the strong targeting the weak. In Alan Bolds short story ‘The Vandals’ we hear the story of Gordon Miller. A retired Civil Servant whom is a quiet gentle man. He could have been considered heroic when he stood up to a ground of youths – The Vandals of the story. Bold uses numerous techniques such as setting, imagery and foreshadowing to highlight Gordon Millers transiti on from hero to villain. The Vandals by Alan Bold is set in a small fictional Scottish town called Marshend.Gordon Miller moves into a small cottage here looking for peace and quiet. This is soon disrupted by a local group of youths who call him names and vandalise his property. After trying to confront these youths to reason with them he soon realises that he is trying to reason with people who know no limits, he soon takes things into his own hands. In the opening of the story Bold refers to the Roman invasion of Marshend and to the Roman General Agricola. However the Roman’s failed to completely conquer Marshend.From the beginning of the story Bold juxtaposes Miller against the Romans. Bold does this by giving the imagery of Miller being the Inhabitants of Marshend and the vandals being the Roman army. First Miller tries to reason with the vandals, however after multiple reoccurring attacks on his house Miller declares what would be classed as war on the vandals. Through n umerous applications of word choice Bold manages to foreshadow the fact that Gordon Miller may not be as calm and tolerable person as he seems to be. ‘Gordon Miller decided he would keep calm’This is after the first attack on his home. By having to decide to stay calm this shows that it is almost like he is forcing himself to do so and this is doubting that he isn’t as calm a person as he seems. In the village the others formed an opinion on Gordon Millers ‘mental stability’ from this it was reflected back to him to make an opinion on himself. This tells the reader that apart from what we have read Gordon Miller may act very differently as well. Bold seems to keep Gordon Miller personality close to his chest revealing only what he has too.It triggers a reaction in the readers mind wondering as to why the other villagers have been commenting on his mental stability. It also would make Miller question his actions, if he has been acting a certain way an d villagers were starting to question and talk about his actions then it would possibly make him take notice and try to change the way he acts around others. Nearing the end of the story Bold uses a lot of imagery linked in with Gordon Miller and the theme of the Romans.When the vandals come back for the last time Bold describes Miller as standing at the ‘summit of the hill, on the top terrace. ’ This is similar to the idea of the Roman General waiting and observing his territory. Gordon Miller is standing and observing the youths and his home before he launches his attack on the youths. This is the turning point in the story where Bold twists Gordon Miller from being symbolic of the villagers in Marshend under attack to being the Roman General who is waiting to start his attack.This shows Gordon Miller becoming heroic as he is standing up to the vandals who have been tormenting him. This gives us the understanding that certain people can only take so much stress and di sruption in their lives before they come to the end of their tether and retaliate. The last sentence in the story is an image of Miller sitting playing with a set of ‘Roman Soldiers’. This shows that Gordon Miller is a lot more complex than Bold let us believe. He likes order and stability in his life, he does not like change and disruptions.As he is playing with the Roman Soldier set this represents the order that he likes in his life. In conclusion revealing Gordon Millers personality slowly throughout the short story Bold uses a number of techniques such as pathos, setting, imagery and word choice. Through these we feel empathy towards Gordon Miller and understand why he proceeded taking the heroic actions that he did. This helps the reader not to dislike Miller for his actions but feel happy for him that he finally got justice on the vandals.Word Count: 755

Ionic Radius Definition and Trend

Ionic Radius Definition and Trend The ionic radius (plural: ionic radii) is the measure of an atoms ion in a crystal lattice. It is half the distance between two ions that are barely touching each other. Since the boundary of the electron shell of an atom is somewhat fuzzy, the ions are often treated as though they were solid spheres fixed in a lattice. The ionic radius may be larger or smaller than the atomic radius (radius of a neutral atom of an element), depending on the electric charge of the ion. Cations are typically smaller than neutral atoms because an electron is removed and the remaining electrons are more tightly drawn in toward the nucleus. An anion has an additional electron, which increases the size of the electron cloud and may make the ionic radius larger than the atomic radius. Values for ionic radius are difficult to obtain and tend to depend on the method used to measure the size of the ion. A typical value for an ionic radius would be from 30 picometers (pm, and equivalent to 0.3 Angstroms Å) to 200 pm (2 Å). Ionic radius may be measured ​using x-ray crystallography or similar techniques. Ionic Radius Trend in the Periodic Table Ionic radius and atomic radius follow the same trends in the periodic table: As you move from top to bottom down an element group (column) ionic radius increases. This is because a new electron shell is added as you move down the periodic table. This increases the overall size of the atom.As you move from left to right across an element period (row) the ionic radius decreases. Even though the size of the atomic nucleus increases with larger atomic numbers moving across a period, the ionic and atomic radius decreases. This is because the effective positive force of the nucleus also increases, drawing in the electrons more tightly. The trend is particularly obvious with the metals, which form cations. These atoms lose their outermost electron, sometimes resulting in the loss of an entire electron shell. The ionic radius of transition metals in a period does not, however, change very much from one atom to the next near the beginning of a series. Variations in Ionic Radius Neither the atomic radius nor the ionic radius of an atom is a fixed value. The configuration or stacking of atoms and ions affects the distance between their nuclei. The electron shells of atoms can overlap each other and do so by different distances, depending on the circumstances. The just barely touching atomic radius is sometimes called the van der Waals radius since the weak attraction from van der Waals forces governs the distance between the atoms. This is the type of radius commonly reported for noble gas atoms. When metals are covalently bonded to each other in a lattice, the atomic radius may be called the covalent radius or the metallic radius. The distance between nonmetallic elements may also be termed the covalent radius. When you read a chart of ionic radius or atomic radius values, youre most likely seeing a mixture of metallic radii, covalent radii, and van der Waals radii. For the most part, the tiny differences in the measured values shouldnt be a concern. Whats important is understanding the difference between atomic and ionic radius, the trends in the periodic table, and the reason for the trends.

How does Tennessee Williams use dramatic techniques to devel essays

How does Tennessee Williams use dramatic techniques to devel essays Cat on a hot tin roof is a play about the convention in society, which tries to dictate the lives of people. Consequently, Tennessee Williams imminently introduces the audience to the subject of mendacity and its malignancy. This is not only shown on a familial level, but on a personal one too (e.g. the affects of Bricks relationship with Skipper). Instantaneously, it seems the family are a rich landed gentility with strong Southern values: ... feed those precious little things with an oilcloth cover... Ohhh nooo! On Big Daddys birthday? Ostensibly, the Pollits are the embodiment of the American dream (health, wealth and happiness). However, in the overcharged circumstances of the plays familial crisis, many truths are revealed: the desperate fear of death, hidden guilt, isolation, the inability to face the truth and materialism. The latter is most notably symbolised by the many no-neck monsters Mae and Gooper have produced. Due to this, Williams inevitably exposes the hidden tru th (i.e. the Pollits are merely examples of a failed American Dream). Aristotles three classical unities (time, place, action notable in the text before Act II and III: There is no lapse of time and plastic theatre help to intensify the drama. Historically, the Pollits in Southern America, an area that once dominated America both financially and politically. However, after the defeat to the North many factors, including the financial wealth and slave trade of the district, had decreased rapidly. The financial power had swung to the North, who notably have many businessmen and lawyers who posses lateral thinking, this is symbolised by Goopers profession. The defeat was a complete embarrassment to the Southerners and they had been stigmatised to a certain extent. Thus, the strong &ap...

Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 2

Report - Essay Example That the educated third world people are the target consumers for use of laptops. Finally, I would like to thank you for giving me the opportunity to write this report. It gave me the chance to familiarize myself with the third world countries application of laptops, their buying powers and the benefits of Apple Inc. for production of low cost laptops for use in third world countries. Regards Name Table of content Executive summary Report Plan 1. Recipient of the Report 2. Identify the Topic of the Report 3. Identify the Purpose of the Report 4. Identify Potential Resources that will be needed for Support 5. Identify Methods to be used to Gather Information 6. Identify Criteria to be used to evaluate the Information Collected 7. Findings 8. Conclusion 9. Recommendations 10. References 11. Appendices Executive summary This report was commission by the COE of Apple Inc. together with his executive team to seek recommendations for the production of low cost laptops to be used in the wor ld countries and the collected funds to be used in the awareness of American masses on obesity health implications. This report provides an analysis and an evaluation of the prospective production of the low cost laptops by Apple Inc. and the health focus. The methods used for the collection of information include the use of questionnaires and surveys to identify the feasibility of this project. The research draws attention to the fact that there is an extensive use of laptops in the third world counties from education to working class. Low cost laptops will be a viable project in the third world countries as they have a low buying power considering the high current costs of laptops which are mostly priced at over $1000. Further investigation reveal that the money collected from the sale of the low cost laptops will be highly effective in the creation of obesity awareness in America. The report concludes that laptops are highly needed in the third world countries especially in the e ducation sector and the corporate world. Communication and the use of internet will have a high impact on the application of low cost laptops in the third world countries. It is recommended: That Apple should adopt the project of producing low cost laptops in the third world countries. That Apple should conduct a survey to identify the programs which are effectively suitable for the application of laptops. That educators in third world countries should partner with Apple to offer suitable learning experiences for the intended users. Report Plan 1. Recipient of the Report The recipient of the report will be the top management including the CEO of Apple, Inc. the plan will be presented to all those officials who have some role to play in decision making matters. 2. Identify the Topic of the Report The topic of the report will be ‘Recommendation for Production of Low Cost Laptops and Healthcare Focus’. The report will be based on two recommendations for the company. First recommendation will be to manufacture low cost laptops in order to increase the market share of the company in third-world countries. Second recommendation will be to put some efforts for reducing obesity in America, which is one of the most critical health problems and can only be dealt by creating awareness among people

The Harlem Renaissance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Harlem Renaissance - Essay Example The Renaissance is considered to have started in 1919 and existed until the mid or early 1930s.The influence of the Renaissance was felt on a scale larger than the United States as it is credited with having impacted on black writers from colonies in the Caribbean and Africa, that were French-speaking and living in Paris. The ideas and beliefs of the movement lived on for a long time after the movement ceased to exist. Majorities of African-Americans who were enslaved and lived in the agrarian south of the United States up to the end of the Civil War. After the civil war, the slaves were free to move and do as they pleased. The African-Americans started striving for political equality, participation in civic positions and self-determination in cultural and economic fields. Black congressional representatives made speeches that addressed the Ku Klux Klan Act of 1871 and reprimanded the bill. This necessitated the Civil Rights Act of 1875. However, Democrat whites had regained power in the south leaving the African-Americans without representation in the congress. This allowed them to draft and pass bills that disenfranchised many poor whites and most Negros establishing white supremacist regimes (Ushistory.org, 2013). There was denial of the African-American political and civil rights through terrorizing attacks from lynch mobs and vigilante groups. A convict labor system also forced thousands of African-Americans into unpaid labor on plantations and in mines was reminiscent of slavery. Only a small number purchased land after the civil war. The African-Americans started migrating to the industrially emerging north from the agrarian south that had become increasingly difficult. However, the reception in the north was not a walk in paradise. Northerners were prejudiced against the African-Americans though the legal systems in the states were not as imposing on their rights as the south. White laborers complained of the flooding of the employment market by the Afr ican-Americans and lowering of wages. The â€Å"Negroes† segregated in urban slums by practice (Rau 7). Among these slums was Harlem. The neighborhood was a design for white workers who needed to commute to the city. Nevertheless, the project was overambitious, as the transportation could not cater for the populace. The district abandoned by whites, was sold, and rented to black real estate agents and tenants. The push of blacks from the city’s metropolitan area saw them move to the neighborhood en masse. The brightest black intellectuals, entrepreneurs, and advocates positioned themselves in Harlem bringing institutions, businesses, and a wide range of talents and ambitions with them. The neighborhood became â€Å"the Black Mecca† (Herringshaw 26). A large number of African-Americans joined the neighborhood during the First World War. The activities of the war created a deficit and demand for industrial labor while ceasing the migration of laborers from Europea n countries. This caused the Great Migration of thousands of African –Americans in the city and into the neighborhood of Harlem. After the war, African-American soldiers from units like the Harlem Hellfighters returned to a nation with citizens who had no respect for their accomplishments due to the virulent White Racism (Ushistory.org, 2013). The Renaissance started developing in the late 1910s. The â€Å"Three Plays for a Negro Theatre†

Seminar issues in hospital Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Seminar issues in hospital - Term Paper Example The perspective of fundraising was often done based on the bond market within a very short period of time. The Intermountain hospital’s level of market share has constantly remained consistent at an average value since its formation. IHC has mostly been a subject to a greater review by the primary Utah State Legislature simply because of the firm’s non-profit objective and the ownership of almost 21 out of its 60 hospitals. The competitor’s proposals to force the Intermountain organization to sell off the hospital or the insurance components with regards to an organization are fruitless. In the year 2005, the State Legislature went to the extent of hiring an external research firm so as to review the Utahs healthcare system. As much as the independent professionals failed to address the challenges that face Utahs healthcare venture, the researchers conclude that the substantial evidence tend to exist with the aim of supporting the ultimate conclusion that the Utahs health-care premises are performing in a competitive manner (Baker & Denis, 2012).The ultimate intervention by this Legislature towards promoting competition within these entire markets is unnecessary. The study gave an ultimate recommendation that this kind of legislature should refrain from creation of more rules and regulations. Intermountain Health Care is a leader in the clinical quality enhancement for almost a decade. It has an incorporated delivery system that is based in the Salt Lake City, and consists of a number of hospitals. Its cognitive efforts of injury reduction because of medical complications has led to the production of the most remarkable gains based on the effected program. The outcomes of the IHC has also pioneered innovative approaches to quality improvement that has enhanced diabetic patients, those with pneumonia, as well as those with respiratory failure, have been duly witnessed on various perspectives

Pros and Cons of Genetic Engineering Essay Example for Free

Pros and Cons of Genetic Engineering Essay With the discovery of DNA and unravelling the genetic code it contains, molecular biologists have finally come close to understanding what determines the form and function of organisms and can use this to design organisms at will. This is illustrated by the experiments on the transgenic fruit fly which has eyes on its antennae (Walter Gehring, Basel Biocentre, Switzerland. see the year 1994 in http://www.ifgene.org/history.htm ). This new technology will have more benefits for human existence than all the past technologies put together. |Scientists are no closer to understanding what determines the form and function of a living organism than they were a century ago before the term gene was coined. As Craig Venter, a leader in the Human Genome Project put it: We know shit about biology. Scientists have tended to concentrate on physical causality genes determine form and function but they are looking in the wrong place. Genes and their proper expression as structural, regulatory or enzymic proteins are merely one of the necessary conditions for the idea underlying an organism to manifest. The essence of the organism is its entelechy or telos. Other necessary conditions for an organism to manifest include nutrient, water, warmth, light and many other factors to do with the earth as a planet in a cosmos. The optimistic predictions of the molecular biologists and genetic engineers is reminiscent of those offered by the early proponents of nuclear power. In the 1950s, electricity was forecast to become too cheap to make it worth metering, but the reality is that society is left with a legacy of nuclear waste the cost of dealing with which will place an immeasurable burden on future generations.| Ever since agriculture and the domestication of animals and plants began, man has been modifying their genetic make-up by selective breeding (e.g. broccoli, Brussels sprouts and cabbage came from a single species of mustard). |Traditional breeding involves gene exchange in the proper context within which they function with all the checks and balances of the biological processes of the organism itself and of the organisms normal interaction with its environment. GE is out of context. GMOs often behave very differently when taken from the laboratory, greenhouse or field trial situation into the real-life context where they will be used, e.g. a gene for red flowers was inserted into a white petunia. The petunia turned red but also produced more leaves and shoots, had lower fertility and was more resistant to fungi. None of these additional effects was predicted. Over 90% of transgenic plants are discarded during the development process, most even before the plants leave the laboratory. The reason for so many rejects is because they do not express the desired gene or they are made unhealthy by the genetic engineering. | Ever since man began to ferment fruit and milk products thousands of years ago, he has been using biotechnology.|Traditional biotechnology uses natural organisms in contexts to which they are adapted whereas GE creates completely new genetic make-ups that could never have come about by natural processes.| All attempts to define what species barriers are have so far had various shortcomings. The genomes of many organisms can be shown to contain gene sequences from totally unrelated organisms which might commonly be assumed to be on the other side of a species barrier (e.g. the marine r sequence in the fruit fly Drosophila, is also in humans). Mules (horse x donkey) have long since existed, but nobody is complaining and the technique of grafting different plants/trees onto each other is ancient.|GE crosses species barriers. Crosses are made which would never occur in nature.| All technology is unnatural (unless we hold that man and all his creations are part of the totality of nature). (see Shakespeare, A Winters Tale, IV:III:82-103)|GE is unnatural. | We have consciously interfered with evolution through breeding, habitat management and even selection of our own spouses for millennia without any noticeable dire consequences.|Scrambling genomes will lead to total chaos in evolution.| And God said, Let us make man in our image, after our likeness: and let them have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over the cattle, and over all the earth, and over every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth. (Genesis 1:26)Human beings are themselves part of nature, creatures within creation. Human discovery and invention can be thought of as resulting from the exercise of God-given powers of mind and reason. (Church of England Board)|Biotechnologists are playing God.| GE is a very precise way of introducing desirable traits into economically useful organisms. The techniques are improving all the time and it is increasingly possible to insert genes at a precise locus in the host organisms genome. This is calle d gene targeting.|GE disrupts the integrity of the recipient genome with unpredictable side effects including gene silencing both of the inserted gene and other unrelated genes in the organism. GE cannot readily control the number of copies of the gene that are inserted into the host, nor where in the genome they will end up. Inserted genes can disrupt the function of existing genes in ways, which may not show up until later generations.| GE often, but not always, needs to use bacteria, viruses or plasmids as vectors to shuttle the genes of interest into the target organisms. Having the parts of their genomes removed that would make them infective cripples these vectors. As the technology improves it becomes less necessary to use infective agents as vectors.|GE makes use of pathogenic organisms such as viruses and bacteria as vectors of the gene that is being transferred. In other words, the target organism has to be made ill just to get the gene in, sometimes with tragic consequences. The pathogens can kill the target organism or could spread into the environment with unpredictable and dangerous consequences. Even crippled vectors can recombine DNA and therefore genes with their normal counterparts in their surroundings and thus suddenly and unpredictably become infective. | Molecular biologists acknowledge that they are only modifying one aspect of an organisms totality. However, they examine the organisms produced in detail, sometimes taking them through breeding programs for years to be sure that they are behaving in the way that other normal members of the same species behave which have not had the genetic modification. |The reductionist thinking of genetic determinism, which believes that the genetic make-up is what makes the organism what it is, dominates GE. An organism is as much an expression of its environment as it is of its genes. Concentrating on the genes, therefore, is one-sided. Furthermore, the organisation within a cell and its interaction with o ther cells is also inherited along with the genes. An organism is as dependent for its survival as much on these epigenetic factors as on its genome. | The fact that horizontal gene transfer occurs all the time in nature, (e.g. the constant exchange of genetic information between bacteria, viruses etc, or the rarer jumps of genes such as may have contributed to the ubiquity of the mariner sequence listed above) and has caused no problems, can be taken as evidence that it poses no serious danger.|GE exposes people to the increased dangers of horizontal gene transfer, a process whereby genes are passed not vertically down the generations in the usual way but horizontally from organism to organism and from species to species. | Enzymes can be produced from GM microorganisms for use in industrial processes including food manufacture.|Industrial enzymes used in anything from washing powders to food processing are already a major source of allergies.| GE does involve some risk taking but all procedures are subject to strict risk analysis and monitoring. The risk is therefore minimal. No popular technology is without risk, e.g. the motorcar that kills tens of thousands each year.|GE is potentially dangerous and therefore involves taking risks. The consequences could be devastating and irreversible. Furthermore, the adverse consequences could take years to show and the company liable for any damages may have long since ceased trading.|

The Gothic Age :: essays research papers fc

The Gothic Age Introduction The Gothic Age   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  As the third year that followed the year on thousand grew near, there was to be seen over almost all the earth, but especially in Italy and in Gaul, a great renewal of church buildings; each Christian community was driven by a spirit of rivalry to have a more glorious church than the others. It was as if the world had shaken itself, and casting off its old garments, had dressed itself again in every part in a white robe of churches. Raoul Glaber, Historia, c.1003   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Gothic Age (c. AD 1130-1530) marked the end to an age of chaos, primarily caused by the sacking and pillaging of the Vikings. After the great minds of Western Europe were freed from using their vast knowledge to defend against invaders or plagues, they now had the time and the resources needed to design any and everything in this era from bridges to city walls and castles to cathedrals. This was also a very religious age, with plenty of money being pumped into the Church, some from the crusades, with all of its included looting, and a lot more from all of the tithes all of the people who were born in the population explosion gave faithfully. Another even bigger source of income for the Church came to it in the shape of power and prestige, when the power of the church peaked in AD 1277.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Not only was this a good time for the Church, but this was also a very good time for all of humanity. The standard of living dramatically rose, and along with it, the population of Western Europe shot up. In 1346, the estimated population of Europe was fifty-four point four million just before the plague hit and wiped out more than a third of the population.1 2 This was more than twice the population of Europeans in the year 950 when it was 22,600,0003 .   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  While the population was exploding there were so many new cathedrals built that in the relatively short time period of two hundred and fifty years, there was more stone quarried to be used in cathedrals (several million tons) than was quarried during the age of the pyramids in Egypt, where there are pyramids that are over two hundred and fifty million cubic meters big.4   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Gothic age survived many crusades, a plague that didn ¹t leave Europe until the late 18th century, and many other horrible atrocities. Following this great age, there was a period without the great accomplishments as in this age, since everyone was just happy using what their forefathers had done.